Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy or portosystemic encephalopathy is a syndrome of neuropsychiatric dysfunction caused by portosystemic venous shunting, with or without liver disease, but primarly occurring in patients with advanced liver failure.   Pathogenesis:   Ammonia is the primary neurotoxin that

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Liver Function Tests Tests that measure detoxification or excretory functions Serum bilirubin Urine bilirubin Blood ammonia Serum enzymes that reflect damage to hepatocytes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) Serum enzymes that reflect cholestasis  Alkaline phosphatase (AP) 5′-nucleotidase Gamma glutamyl

Continue ReadingAbnormal Liver tests